question number two. please help.

Momentum = (mass) x (velocity) in the direction of the velocity.
Change of momentum = "impulse" = (force) x (time)
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2-a). Momentum before the hit = (0.14) x (40) = 5.6 N-m/s toward the East.
Momentum after the hit = (0.14) x (46) = 6.44 N-m/s toward the West.
Change in momentum = (5.6) + (6.44) = 12.04 N-m/s . (The hit soaked up all the momentum pointing east, and then provided momentum toward the west. So the total change in momentum is the sum of before- and after-.) (The east momentum changed from 5.6 to zero, and the west momentum changed from zero to 6.44. So the total change is the sum of before-and after-.) (If you call east the positive direction, then the momentum changed from +5.6 to -6.44, and the difference between those is 12.04 .)
2-b). 12.04 N-m/s = (Force) x (0.012 second)
Force = 12.04 / 0.012 = 1,003 and 1/3 Newtons

Answered by AL2006 | 2024-06-10

Momentum is calculated as the product of mass and velocity, while impulse represents the change in momentum calculated over time. For a mass of 0.14 kg moving east at 40 m/s, its momentum is 5.6 kg m/s before hitting, changing to 6.44 kg m/s west afterward, resulting in a total change of 12.04 kg m/s. The average force calculated from this change over a time of 0.012 seconds is approximately 1,003.33 N.
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Answered by AL2006 | 2025-02-12