Explain how scientists use recombinant DNA technology to produce the drug insulin. Be sure to also explain why a gene from one organism can be expressed by another organism.
Answer (3)
Insulin is a protein which mainly controls the amount of blood glucose level. Researchers cut down the gene of insulin from a human cell and insert it into the bacterial. Then the recombinant bacteria by the translation and transcription create an **insulin protein. **
**
** ;
Scientists use recombinant DNA technology to produce human insulin, which is a significant medical advancement for the treatment of type I diabetes. This technology involves combining the human insulin gene with a plasmid, a small circular DNA found in bacteria.
The modified plasmid containing the insulin gene is introduced into E. coli bacteria to produce insulin. This process is possible because the basic machinery for reading and expressing genes is similar across all organisms, allowing one organism to express a gene from another.
The steps for producing recombinant human insulin are as follows:
A plasmid is extracted from a bacterial cell and cut open using restriction enzymes.
The human insulin gene is inserted into the plasmid.
The recombinant plasmid is introduced into a new host E. coli bacteria.
The transformed bacteria multiply and produce insulin.
By expressing human proteins like insulin inside E. coli, the need for animal-sourced insulin is eliminated, providing a purer and more efficient treatment for diabetes patients. Moreover, this method reduces the risk of allergic reactions that might occur with animal-derived insulin.
Scientists use recombinant DNA technology to produce insulin by isolating the insulin gene, inserting it into a bacterial plasmid, and transforming the bacteria to produce insulin. The genetic code's universality allows this gene from humans to function in bacteria. This method provides an efficient way to produce insulin for diabetic patients.
;
