Which of the following statements is true of the original practitioners of the psychodynamic approach?
A. They believe that personality is shaped entirely by genetic factors.
B. They believe that sexual and aggressive impulses cause behavior within the unconscious mind.
C. They emphasize that psychology should be about what people do and should not concern itself with things like consciousness, feelings, and goals.
D. They use evolutionary ideas such as adaptation, reproduction, and natural selection to explain human behavior.
Answer (2)
The correct choice is B: They believe that sexual and aggressive impulses cause behavior within the unconscious mind. This view reflects the core beliefs of the psychodynamic approach founded by Sigmund Freud, who emphasized the role of unconscious processes in shaping behavior. The other options either relate to different psychological theories or misunderstand the psychodynamic perspective.
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The question pertains to the psychodynamic approach, a perspective in psychology that focuses on the role of unconscious mental processes and early childhood experiences in shaping behavior and personality.
Among the given options, the correct statement is:
(B) They believe that sexual and aggressive impulses cause behavior within the unconscious mind.
The psychodynamic approach was originally developed by Sigmund Freud in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Freud's theory proposed that the unconscious mind harbors thoughts, memories, and desires that are often uncomfortable or socially unacceptable, which leads to the repression of these thoughts.
A key aspect of Freud's theories was the belief that human behavior is influenced significantly by unconscious motives and desires, primarily involving sexual and aggressive drives. These impulses, according to Freud, stem from innate biological instincts that require management and control by the conscious part of the mind, which he termed the 'ego.'
The psychodynamic approach also emphasizes analyzing how early childhood experiences impact development and behavior, with the idea that unresolved childhood conflicts influence adult personality and behavior.
Therefore, choice (B) accurately reflects the original practitioners' belief regarding the role of the unconscious mind in influencing behavior through sexual and aggressive impulses.
