8. Which ones did not belong to the clase media or middle class?
a. Barangay captains and their relatives
b. Ilustrados and Spanish mestizos
c. Peninsulares and insulares
9. How did the rise of the ilustrados help awaken the sense of nationalism among Filipinos?
a. The sons of the affluent middle class were able to study abroad, thus, they were able to learn about liberalism.
b. The Spanish mestizos became very rich and helped the Filipinos become rich, too.
c. The middle class became very rich that they rose to power and overthrew the Spaniards.
10. Which of the following is not a result of colonial education under the Educational Decree of 1863?
a. The literate Filipinos became more submissive to the Spanish.
b. It broadened the Filipinos' outlook not only for one's own life but also for the nation.
c. It significantly increased the level of literacy in numeracy, reading, and writing.
Analyze each statement. Write A if the sentence states an effect of the opening of seaports to international trade; B, if it states an effect of the rise of the mestizos; and C if it states a result of the implementation of the Educational Decree of 1863.
1. The sons of those who belonged to the clase media were able to study abroad.
2. There were vocational schools that taught the proper way of farming, carpentry, and painting to Filipino men and sewing and embroidery to Filipino women.
3. The minds of the Filipinos were awakened to the significance of education to the country's progress and development.
4. It kindled up the Filipino's desire to study and learn more about the different sciences and to gain more knowledge.
5. The three-month travel between the East and the West were shortened to 30 days.
Answer (2)
The entities not belonging to the middle class are peninsulares and insulares. The rise of ilustrados primarily helped awaken nationalism through foreign education. The Educational Decree of 1863 significantly improved literacy and awareness among Filipinos, but did not make them more submissive to Spanish rule.
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The question asks which groups did not belong to the 'clase media' or middle class during the Spanish colonial period in the Philippines.
The middle class, or 'clase media,' usually included ilustrados, Spanish mestizos, and barangay captains and their relatives. Thus, the group that did not belong to the middle class is:
c. Peninsulares and insulares
Peninsulares were Spaniards born in Spain, and they were at the top of the social hierarchy. Insulares, or Filipinos of Spanish descent born in the Philippines, also held relatively high social status but were not part of the middle class.
The rise of the ilustrados helped awaken the sense of nationalism among Filipinos in several ways:
a. The sons of the affluent middle class were able to study abroad, thus, they were able to learn about liberalism.
Ilustrados were educated Filipinos who had studied in Europe and brought back ideas of liberalism and reform. Their exposure to European liberalism was instrumental in fostering a sense of national identity and a desire for political change.
Regarding the colonial education under the Educational Decree of 1863:
The Decree led to increased literacy and a broader outlook among Filipinos. The following statement is incorrect as it does not reflect the effects of the decree:
a. The literate Filipinos became more submissive to the Spanish.
Instead, education often had the opposite effect, broadening Filipinos' outlook on their place in society.
C. Analyzing the context:
This statement refers to the effect of the rise of the mestizos - B.
This statement is a result of the implementation of the Educational Decree of 1863 - C.
This statement reflects an effect of the opening of seaports to international trade - A.
This statement represents a result of the implementation of the Educational Decree of 1863 - C.
This statement reflects an effect of the opening of seaports to international trade - A.
These explanations help us understand how different groups and historical developments influenced Filipino society and its path towards nationalism.
