An electric device delivers a current of [tex]$15.0 A$[/tex] for 30 seconds. How many electrons flow through it?
Answer (2)
Boron and Carbon have consecutive numbers of total electrons (5 and 6) and close atomic masses (11 and 12), indicating they are likely in the same period.
Gallium and Germanium have consecutive numbers of total electrons (31 and 32) and close atomic masses (70 and 73), indicating they are likely in the same period.
The number of valence electrons indicates the group of the element, not the period.
Therefore, Boron and Carbon are likely in the same period, and Gallium and Germanium are likely in the same period.
Explanation
Understanding the Problem We are given a table of five elements with their atomic mass, total electrons, valence electrons, and year isolated. We need to determine which elements are most likely in the same periods of the periodic table. Elements in the same period have consecutive numbers of total electrons.
Analyzing Total Electrons Let's analyze the 'Total electrons' column:
Boron (B): 5
Carbon (C): 6
Aluminum (Al): 13
Gallium (Ga): 31
Germanium (Ge): 32
From this, we can see that Boron and Carbon have consecutive numbers of electrons, so they are likely in the same period. Also, Gallium and Germanium have consecutive numbers of electrons, so they are likely in the same period.
Analyzing Atomic Masses Now, let's analyze the 'Atomic mass' column:
Boron (B): 11
Carbon (C): 12
Aluminum (Al): 27
Gallium (Ga): 70
Germanium (Ge): 73
Boron and Carbon have close atomic masses, which supports the idea that they are in the same period. Gallium and Germanium also have close atomic masses, which supports the idea that they are in the same period.
Other Information The number of valence electrons indicates the group of the element, not the period. The year isolated is not relevant to determining the period.
Conclusion Based on the analysis of total electrons and atomic masses, Boron and Carbon are likely in the same period, and Gallium and Germanium are likely in the same period.
Examples
Understanding the periodic table helps us predict the properties of elements and how they will interact with each other. For example, knowing that elements in the same period have similar energy levels for their electrons allows us to understand their bonding behavior. This knowledge is crucial in designing new materials, developing new drugs, and understanding chemical reactions.
A device delivering a current of 15.0 A for 30 seconds results in approximately 2.81 × 1 0 21 electrons flowing through it. This is calculated using the relationship between current, charge, and the charge of a single electron. The total charge can be determined by multiplying current by time, and then dividing by the charge of one electron.
;
