Fill in the name and empirical formula of each ionic compound that could be formed from the ions in
| cation | anion | empirical formula | name of compound |
|---|---|---|---|
| [tex]$K ^{+}$[/tex] | [tex]$ClO _3^{-}$[/tex] | | |
| [tex]$Na ^{+}$[/tex] | [tex]$ClO _4^{-}$[/tex] | | |
| [tex]$Na ^{+}$[/tex] | [tex]$ClO _3^{-}$[/tex] | | |
Answer (2)
K + and Cl O 3 − combine to form K Cl O 3 , named potassium chlorate.
N a + and Cl O 4 − combine to form N a Cl O 4 , named sodium perchlorate.
N a + and Cl O 3 − combine to form N a Cl O 3 , named sodium chlorate.
The empirical formulas and names are now complete: K Cl O 3 , p o t a ss i u m c h l or a t e , N a Cl O 4 , so d i u m p erc h l or a t e , N a Cl O 3 , so d i u m c h l or a t e .
Explanation
Understanding the Problem We are given a table with cations and anions, and we need to determine the empirical formula and name of the ionic compound formed by each cation-anion pair. The cations are K + and N a + , and the anions are Cl O 3 − and Cl O 4 − . We need to find the correct combination of ions to form neutral compounds. The empirical formula represents the simplest whole-number ratio of ions in the compound, and the name of the compound is formed by combining the name of the cation and the anion.
Determining the First Compound For the first row, the ions are K + and Cl O 3 − . Since both have a charge of magnitude 1, they combine in a 1:1 ratio. The empirical formula is K Cl O 3 . The name of the compound is potassium chlorate.
Determining the Second Compound For the second row, the ions are N a + and Cl O 4 − . Since both have a charge of magnitude 1, they combine in a 1:1 ratio. The empirical formula is N a Cl O 4 . The name of the compound is sodium perchlorate.
Determining the Third Compound For the third row, the ions are N a + and Cl O 3 − . Since both have a charge of magnitude 1, they combine in a 1:1 ratio. The empirical formula is N a Cl O 3 . The name of the compound is sodium chlorate.
Final Answer The empirical formulas and names of the ionic compounds are:
K + and Cl O 3 − : Empirical formula is K Cl O 3 , name is potassium chlorate.
N a + and Cl O 4 − : Empirical formula is N a Cl O 4 , name is sodium perchlorate.
N a + and Cl O 3 − : Empirical formula is N a Cl O 3 , name is sodium chlorate.
Examples
Ionic compounds are used in various applications, such as in batteries, fertilizers, and medicines. For example, sodium chloride (NaCl), also known as table salt, is an ionic compound essential for human life. Potassium iodide (KI) is added to table salt to prevent iodine deficiency. Understanding how ionic compounds are formed and named is crucial in chemistry and related fields.
The ionic compounds formed from the cation-anion pairs are: 1) K Cl O 3 (potassium chlorate), 2) N a Cl O 4 (sodium perchlorate), and 3) N a Cl O 3 (sodium chlorate). Each formula consists of one cation and one anion combining in a 1:1 ratio to create neutral compounds. Understanding the combination of these ions is essential for naming ionic compounds correctly in chemistry.
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