4) Fixed macrophages that are found in the liver are called
A) Alveolar macrophages
C) Peritoneal macrophages
B) Microglial cells
D) Kupffer's cells
15) Which of the following organisms has the ability to escape from a phagosome before it fuses with a lysosome?
A) Shigella
C) Plasmodium
B) Chlamydia
D) Leishmania
16) Complement proteins are numbered
A) 1 to 6
B) 1 to 7
C) 1 to 8
D) 1 to 9
17) Some bacteria evade the complement system by means of their
A) Endospores B) Flagella C) Cilia D) Capsules
18) Which of the following is NOT a physical form of defense for the respiratory and gastrointestinal tracts?
A) Mucus B) Cilia C) Hairs D) Epidermis
9) What opsonizes, promotes inflammation, and punches holes in membranes of bacteria?
A) The complement system
B) Antimicrobial peptides
C) Iron-binding proteins
D) Interferons
What do the activated macrophages secrete to further promote the inflammatory response?
A) Prostaglandins B) Leukotrienes
C) Cytokines
D) Histamine
Answer (2)
Kupffer's cells in the liver are fixed macrophages that help filter pathogens. Shigella can escape from phagosomes, and complement proteins are numbered 1 to 9. Bacteria evade the complement system through capsules and the initial response includes cytokines promoting inflammation. ;
Kupffer's cells are fixed macrophages in the liver that filter pathogens. Shigella can escape from phagosomes, and complement proteins are numbered 1 to 9, with capsules being a primary method for some bacteria to evade the complement system. Activated macrophages secrete cytokines to promote inflammation.
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