During groupthink, which of the following occurs? (A) Members are pressured to conform (B) Members are free to make suggestions (C) Diversity is encouraged
Answer (1)
During groupthink, option (A) Members are pressured to conform, typically occurs.
Groupthink is a psychological phenomenon that happens within a group of people in which the desire for harmony or conformity in the group results in an irrational or dysfunctional decision-making outcome. It was first coined by psychologist Irving Janis in the 1970s.
Key Characteristics of Groupthink:
Pressure to Conform: Members feel pressured to agree with the group to avoid conflict, which leads to a loss of personal voice and critical thinking.
Illusion of Invulnerability: The group may believe they are making the right decisions and are immune to any pitfalls, which can lead to excessive optimism and risk-taking.
Rationalization: Members may dismiss warnings against the group’s decisions or viewpoints, reinforcing the belief that their choice is correct.
Unanimity: Silence is often assumed to mean consent, as members suppress personal doubts or refrain from expressing alternatives.
Self-Censorship: Individuals might withhold their dissenting opinions or ideas in fear of retaliation or breaking the perceived consensus.
In summary, groupthink often results in faulty decision-making processes because it limits creativity, critical thinking, and diverse viewpoints. Members are pressured to conform, rather than encouraging diversity or suggestions. Therefore, option (A) is the correct answer in this context.
