Consider the table.
Types of Bacteria
\begin{tabular}{|c|c|c|}
\hline Coccus & Shape & Associated disease \\
\hline Bacillus & X & Strep throat \\
\hline Spirillum & Rod shaped & Y \\
\hline \hline
\end{tabular}
Which best describes $X$ and $Y$?
A. $X =$ Spherical; $Y =$ E coli
B. $X =$ Comma shaped; $Y =$ Whooping cough
C. $X=$ Oval shaped; $Y=S$. aureus
D. $X=$ Rod shaped; $Y=$ Pneumonia
Answer (1)
Bacillus bacteria are rod-shaped.
Spirillum bacteria are associated with Pneumonia.
Therefore, X = Rod shaped and Y = Pneumonia.
The best description for X and Y is X = Rod shaped ; Y = Pneumonia .
Explanation
Understanding the Problem We are given a table describing types of bacteria, their shapes, and associated diseases. We need to determine the shape associated with Bacillus (denoted as X) and the disease associated with Spirillum (denoted as Y).
Determining the Shape of Bacillus From common knowledge, we know the following:
Coccus bacteria are spherical.
Bacillus bacteria are rod-shaped.
Spirillum bacteria are spiral-shaped.
Therefore, X, the shape associated with Bacillus, is rod-shaped.
Determining the Disease Associated with Spirillum Now, we need to determine the disease associated with Spirillum (Y). Among the given options, Pneumonia is the disease most commonly associated with Spirillum bacteria.
Final Answer Therefore, the best description for X and Y is:
X = Rod shaped; Y = Pneumonia
Examples
Understanding the characteristics of different bacteria types, including their shapes and associated diseases, is crucial in medical diagnostics and treatment. For example, knowing that Bacillus bacteria are rod-shaped helps medical professionals quickly identify them under a microscope. Similarly, recognizing that Spirillum bacteria can cause pneumonia allows for targeted treatment strategies, improving patient outcomes and preventing the spread of infection.
