Silicon is used in producing Pv celss because cells made from the crystallized polycrystalline silicon have efficiencies in the range of 14-18% and a moderate price.
Silicon is used to make PV cells because of its semiconductor properties, crystalline structure, suitable band gap of 1.1 eV, abundance, and cost-effectiveness. These characteristics enable silicon to efficiently convert sunlight into electricity. While silicon is a poor light absorber, advancements have improved its effectiveness in solar panels.
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